{"id":8888,"date":"2019-03-11T20:40:31","date_gmt":"2019-03-11T20:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=8888"},"modified":"2019-03-11T20:42:25","modified_gmt":"2019-03-11T20:42:25","slug":"kuzey-kafkas-dilleri-yok-olma-tehlikesi-ile-karsi-karsiya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/kuzey-kafkas-dilleri-yok-olma-tehlikesi-ile-karsi-karsiya\/","title":{"rendered":"KUZEY KAFKAS D\u0130LLER\u0130 YOK OLMA TEHL\u0130KES\u0130 \u0130LE KAR\u015eI KAR\u015eIYA"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

CircassianCenter
\n<\/span><\/b> \u00c7eviri: HAP\u0130 Cevdet Y\u0131ld\u0131z<\/p>\n

Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinmekte olan dillere ili\u015fkin bir atlas UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131. Atlas\u2019a g\u00f6re, yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki 6 bin 900 dil i\u00e7inden 2 bin 500\u2019\u00fc yok olma tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Bir \u00f6nceki, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131 atlas\u0131nda ise yok olmak \u00fczere olan 900 dil g\u00f6sterilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u0131la ili\u015fkin olarak, art\u0131k 10 ki\u015fiden fazla bir birey taraf\u0131ndan konu\u015fulmayan 199 dilin bulundu\u011fu saptand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu dillerden Karaim (\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a) dili Ukrayna\u2019da art\u0131k 6 ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan konu\u015fuluyor. Endonezya\u2019da\u00a0 Lengilu dili 4 ki\u015fi, ABD Oklahoma eyaletinde Vi\u00e7ita dili de 10 ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0 konu\u015fuluyor. 21 Haziran 2008\u2019de Alaska\u2019da (ABD) Eyak dilini bilen son birey olan Marie Smith Jones \u00f6ld\u00fc, Eyak dili de s\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bir dilin ya\u015famas\u0131, UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan 9 ko\u015fula ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor: 1) Dili konu\u015fan insan say\u0131s\u0131,
\n2) Dilin \u00e7ocuklara \u00f6\u011fretilme durumu
\n3) Dilin \u00f6\u011frenilmesini sa\u011flayacak kitaplar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131
\n4) Ulusun kendi diline kar\u015f\u0131 olan tavr\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bunun ard\u0131ndan \u00a0diller \u00a0alt\u0131 grupta tasnif ediliyor: <\/strong><\/p>\n

– Dil bir tehlike ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya de\u011fil,<\/p>\n

– Dikkatli olunmas\u0131 gerekiyor,<\/p>\n

– Yok olma tehlikesi var,<\/p>\n

– Yok olmas\u0131 tehlikesi b\u00fcy\u00fck boyuta ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f,<\/p>\n

– Yok olma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda, b\u0131\u00e7ak s\u0131rt\u0131nda olanlar,<\/p>\n

– Dil kayboldu (s\u00f6nd\u00fc).<\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019da tehlike alt\u0131nda olan dil say\u0131s\u0131 136 olarak\u00a0 belirlendi. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019ya ili\u015fkin dil atlas\u0131nda, s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f 20 dil (Aynu, Yugsk\/ \u044e\u0433\u0441\u043a ve Wub\u0131h\/\u0443\u0431\u044b\u0445\u044b\u0431\u0437\u044d gibi) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, halihaz\u0131rda 22 dil de b\u0131\u00e7ak s\u0131rt\u0131nda (Aleut, Tersk-Saam\/ \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u044d-\u0441\u0430\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u044d, \u0130telmen dili, vb);29 dil de yok olma tehlikesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda (\u00c7ukot, Karel ve Nivkh dilleri gibi);dikkatli olunmas\u0131 gereken 49 dil belirlenmi\u015f (Kalm\u0131k, Udmurt ve Yidish \/Yahudi Almanca’s\u0131, vb);20 dil de tehlike kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda (Belorus, Tuva ve Yakut dilleri, vb).<\/p>\n

UNESCO, Rusya\u2019da yok olmakta olan diller aras\u0131nda Cuhuri\/ \u0434\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0438\/Da\u011f Yahudileri dilini, Adigece, Kabardeyce, \u00c7erkes\u00e7e (\u0449\u044d\u0440\u0434\u0436\u044d\u0441), Kara\u00e7ay, Balkar, \u0130ngu\u015f, \u00c7e\u00e7en, Abhaz ve Oset dillerini ve daha ba\u015fka dilleri de say\u0131yor.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Atlas\u2019a g\u00f6re, Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019da konu\u015fulmakta olan 25 dil yok olma tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Yine de okullarda14 dilde ders okutuluyor (Okullarda zorunlu Rus\u00e7a dersi ie birlikte, se\u00e7meli bir ders dili olarak okutulan di\u011fer 13 dil: Avar, Dargin, Lezgi, Lak, Tabasaran, Agul, Rutul, Tsakhur, \u00c7e\u00e7en, Azeri, Kumuk, Nogay, \u00a0Tati-HCY).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Yok olacak diller aras\u0131nda: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019da yok olma tehlikesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olan diller aras\u0131nda Kumuk\u00e7a (458 bin ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan konu\u015fuluyor), Dargince (503 bin), Avarca (784 bin), Lezgice (500 bin), Lakca (153 bin), Tabasaranca (128 bin), Nogayca (90 bin), Tsakhurca (25 bin), Andice (23 bin), Amalince (12 bin), Tsehce (15 bin), Agulca ve Rutulca (29\u2019ar bin), Bejitin, Tindi, Karatin ve Ahvah dilleri (her birini alt\u0131\u015far bin ki\u015fi konu\u015fuyor), Bagvalca (5 bin), Botlih ve Godoberi (4\u2019er bin), Da\u011fl\u0131 Yahudi\/Cuhuri dili (3 bin), Gunib dili (iki binden az), \u0130nkhokvarin dili (1 bin), Ginus (548), Khvar\u015fin (500), Ar\u00e7i dili (524) bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Dillerin ya\u015fam \u015fans\u0131 durumu saptan\u0131rken, devletin ve devlet bireylerinin o dile kar\u015f\u0131 olan tutumlar\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131yor. Devlet dillerin ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in destek verebilir ya da vermeyebilir;bu gibi durumlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesinde engellemeler olabilir, devlet az n\u00fcfuslu uluslar\u0131n dillerini yok etme politikalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor da olabilir.<\/p>\n

Not: <\/strong>Kuzey Kafkas Dilleri Soya\u011fac\u0131 ve dillerin ayr\u0131lma\/b\u00f6l\u00fcnme tarihleri.-HCY<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CircassianCenter Çeviri: HAPİ Cevdet Yıldız Yeryüzünden silinmekte olan dillere ilişkin bir atlas UNESCO tarafından yayınlandı. Atlas’a göre, yeryüzündeki 6 bin 900 dil içinden 2 bin 500’ü yok olma tehlikesi ile karşı karşıya. Bir önceki, 2001 yılı atlasında ise yok olmak üzere olan 900 dil gösterilmişti. Bu yıla ilişkin olarak, artık 10 kişiden fazla bir birey […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8888","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edebiyat-genel-konular","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8888","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8888"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8888\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8893,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8888\/revisions\/8893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8888"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8888"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8888"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}