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Dr. YED\u0130C Bat\u0131ray \u00d6zbek<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Kaf-Der organizasyonunun yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Biz \u00c7erkesler” adl\u0131 bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fc ele al\u0131p okuyunca Avrupa fonundan faydalan\u0131larak yay\u0131nlanan yap\u0131t\u0131n, \u00e7ok amat\u00f6rce haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. Herhangi bir bilim adam\u0131 bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fc ele al\u0131nca\u00a0 bilgi hatalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yap\u0131ta ciddiyet ve g\u00fcvenirlik kazand\u0131ran eksikliklerin oldu\u011funu g\u00f6recektir. Bir esere (bro\u015f\u00fcr de olsa) g\u00fcvenirlik kazand\u0131ran \u015fey, bilimsel belge ve kan\u0131tlard\u0131r. “Baz\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle b\u00f6yle demektedir” benzeri c\u00fcmleler \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ki, bu hatal\u0131d\u0131r ve bilgi eksikli\u011finin ve g\u00fcvensizli\u011fin ifadesidir.<\/p>\n Bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00f6rt y\u00f6nde ele\u015ftirmek istiyorum;<\/p>\n 1)<\/strong> Kullan\u0131lan dilde; 2) <\/strong>Ne verilen bilgilerde ne de grafik ve resimlerde kaynak\u00e7a verilmemesi.<\/p>\n 3)<\/strong> Verilen tarihi bilgiler eskimi\u015f ya da bilgi eksiklikleri ve hatalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n 4)<\/strong> Sayfa 43’de belirtilen y\u00fczdelerin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n verilmemesi.<\/p>\n Hayal ve nostaljilerin bir y\u00f6ne at\u0131larak art\u0131k ayaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0yere basmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada topraklar\u0131n\u0131 terk edip\u00a0 kendi arzusu ile zorlanmadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 topraklara tekrar g\u00f6\u00e7 eden hi\u00e7bir halk yoktur. Acaba Hitler, Yahudileri yakmasayd\u0131\u00a0\u0130srail\u2019e d\u00f6nerler miydi? B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fumuz ayn\u0131 yolun yolcusu oldu\u011fumuza g\u00f6re, b\u0131rak\u0131n da Kafkasya’da ya\u015fayanlar, kendi \u00e7izgilerini kendi istedikleri gibi \u00e7izsinler. Bizler de e\u011fer istiyorsak, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fclkelerde nas\u0131l ayakta kalabilece\u011fimizin politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izelim.<\/p>\n Kafkasya, Kuzey Kafkasya tan\u0131mlar\u0131 kendi arzular\u0131m\u0131z ve\u00a0 isteklerimiz do\u011frultusunda yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bir yandan Kafkasya s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kendi tekellerine al\u0131rken, di\u011fer y\u00f6nden Kuzey Kafkasya tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da kullanmaktad\u0131rlar. Abhazya\u2019y\u0131 Kuzey Kafkasya s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na alma\u00a0tela\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde ”da\u011flar\u0131n\u00a0 G\u00fcney’ine inerek \u0130ngur nehrine” kadar gelinmekte ayn\u0131 kompleksten hareketle G\u00fcney Osetya’da Kuzey\u2019e kat\u0131lmakta ve gerek\u00e7e olarak da ”k\u00fclt\u00fcr dokusu ve\u00a0 k\u00f6ken ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131” (Abhazya ve G\u00fcney Osetya G\u00fcney\u2019de kal\u0131yorsa da, k\u00fclt\u00fcr dokusu ve k\u00f6ken ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Kuzey’e dahil edilmektedir s.4) g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Pekiyi, \u00e7e\u015fitli Kafkas halklar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve k\u00f6ken ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayan hangi bilimsel yap\u0131tlar var acaba?<\/p>\n \u00d6yle san\u0131yorum ki, ayn\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr dokusu yoktur.\u00a0Bir ka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek verecek olursak; Adigeler ta\u015ftan ev yapmay\u0131 korkakl\u0131k kabul ederken, \u00c7e\u00e7enler ve Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131lar kuleler, ta\u015ftan evler yapmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Adigelerde psetl\u0131xu sosyal bir yap\u0131 olarak ya\u015farken, Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131larda psetl\u0131xu var m\u0131 acaba?<\/p>\n Bu konuda\u00a0unutulan, bilinmeyen ya da bilinmek istenmeyen iki nokta daha var:<\/p>\n 1.1.<\/strong> G\u00fcrc\u00fc, \u00f6zellikle Svan ve Mengrel k\u00fclt\u00fcr dokusunun Adige-Abhazlara Da\u011f\u0131stan ve \u00c7e\u00e7enlerden daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu halde,\u00a0 neden d\u0131\u015fland\u0131klar\u0131; hatta Svanlar\u0131n Adige dilini konu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131 Lapinsk\u2019den \u00f6\u011frenmekteyiz:<\/p>\n “22 Temmuz 1859. Lapinsk\u2019nin Suanet b\u00f6lgesine gitmesi. Lapinsk\u2019nin bizlere aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgilere g\u00f6re; Suanetler Adigelerle ayn\u0131 \u00f6rf ve\u00a0 adetlere sahiplerdir, \u00e7o\u011fu\u00a0 Adigece\u2019yi\u00a0 konu\u015fabiliyor ve dilleri de Wub\u0131hca\u2019ya \u00e7ok yak\u0131n.” (Bkz \u00c7erkes kronoloji, s. 127 Kaf-Der yay\u0131nlar\u0131) Essad bey de\u00a0 1930\u2019da Berlin\u2019de yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018\u2019Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n 12 Gizi\u2019\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda\u00a0 da bunu do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1.2.<\/strong> Azerbaycan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde resmi\u00a0olarak 500 bin, gayri\u00a0resmi bir milyon civar\u0131nda Lezgi ya\u015famaktad\u0131r ve bu topraklar Stalin\u2019in Azerilere hediyesidir: Kuba, Kusary, Chatschmas, Schemacha, Kutkaschen yo\u011fun olarak, ayr\u0131ca Baku, Sumgait, Schemacha, Scheki say\u0131 olarak daha az ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Neden onlar\u0131 Kuzey\u2019deki karde\u015fleriyle birlikte g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izgilerini Azerbaycan i\u00e7lerine kadar \u00e7ekmiyorsunuz acaba?<\/p>\n (s.2\u00a0Kafkas k\u00f6kenli T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015flar\u0131 olarak g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, kaderde ve k\u0131van\u00e7ta ortak hareket etti\u011fimiz milyonlarca insan\u0131n bizi tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da tan\u0131yamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izliyor.)<\/p>\n Ger\u00e7ekten Kafkas insan\u0131n\u0131 kimse tan\u0131m\u0131yor mu acaba?\u00a0Onun i\u00e7in mi Kafkas insan\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etme gere\u011fi duyulmakta? Ger\u00e7ekte Kafkas insan\u0131 da \u00c7erkesler de \u00e7ok iyi bilinmektedir; en az\u0131ndan g\u00fczel k\u0131zlar\u0131m\u0131zla,\u00a0 hain\u00a0 \u00c7erkes Ethem ile son y\u00fczy\u0131lda da Almanya\u2019da bir gen\u00e7 kuaf\u00f6r\u00a0 T\u00fcrk bayan\u0131n\u00a0yerinde tarifiyle ”ben \u00c7erkesleri \u00e7ok iyi tan\u0131yorum. \u00c7ok g\u00fczel oynarlar” s\u00f6zleriyle.<\/p>\n (s.4\u00a0 G\u00fcney Kafkasya (Transkafkasya): Kafkas s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcney’inde kalan ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde G\u00fcrcistan, Azerbaycan, Ermenistan, Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f ve Nah\u00e7\u0131van’\u0131 kapsayan b\u00f6lge)<\/p>\n Bir ka\u00e7 kez yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m, anlamak istemeyen arkada\u015flar i\u00e7in tekrar yaz\u0131yorum; G\u00fcney\u2019in kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131\u00a0 Kuzey, <\/strong> Transkafkasya\u2019n\u0131n\u00a0 kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 ise Ciskafkasya\u2019d\u0131r.<\/strong> (Bilimsel dilde)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n G\u00fcney Kafkasya’y\u0131\u00a0 parantez i\u00e7inde (Transkafkasya) yazarak, Kafkasya s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kendi tekeli alt\u0131na al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Bu da maalesef tutars\u0131z bir bilgidir.<\/p>\n (s.4 Bir\u00e7ok tarih\u00e7i ve haritac\u0131 \u00c7erkeslerin yurdu anlam\u0131nda sadece Adige boylar\u0131n\u0131n, Abhaz-Abazin boylar\u0131n\u0131n ve Wub\u0131h halk\u0131n\u0131n topraklar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan Orta ve Kuzeybat\u0131 Kafkasya i\u00e7in bu kavram\u0131 kullanmaktad\u0131r. Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc (Adige, Abhaz, Wub\u0131h, Kara\u00e7ay, Oset, \u00c7e\u00e7en-\u0130ngu\u015f ve Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131lar) \u00c7erkes \u00fcst kimli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendiren tarih\u00e7iler ve kurulu\u015flar, t\u00fcm Kuzey Kafkasya’y\u0131 \u00c7erkasya ad\u0131yla ifade etmektedir.)<\/p>\n ”Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler ve kurulu\u015flar\u2019’ yuvarlak ifadelerdir. Ciddi olmas\u0131 gereken bir bro\u015f\u00fcre yak\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor. Kimdir bu tarih\u00e7iler ve kurulu\u015flar?\u00a0Olay\u0131n ilgin\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fc \u00c7e\u00e7enler (T\u00fcrkiye’deki pek az\u0131 hari\u00e7) hatta Abhazlar, \u00c7erkes kimli\u011fini benimsemezler. Adigelerden hep ayn\u0131 ki\u015filerin inatla dayatmalar\u0131n\u0131 anlayam\u0131yorum. Neden bu halklar\u0131 asimile etmek i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yoruz? Buna hakk\u0131m\u0131z var m\u0131?<\/p>\n (s. 6 Kafkas-Rus Sava\u015flar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye koloniler halinde yerle\u015fen Rus Kazaklar\u0131, Rus, Belarus, Ukraynal\u0131, Ermeni, Rum, Yahudi gibi yabanc\u0131 gruplar ise n\u00fcfusun di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.) tan\u0131m\u0131 da yar\u0131 do\u011fru bir tan\u0131m. Rumlar\u0131n M.\u00d6.\u2019deki devirlerden beri Kafkasya\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmeyen yok. Sava\u015ftan sonra yerle\u015ftirilen Ermeniler de vard\u0131r, ancak Armavir (Yermel Hable)\u2019nin tarihini ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye edece\u011fim. Yahudilerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun\u00a0ise T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli Yahudi dinli Hazerlerin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funun\u00a0 bilinmesi gerekirdi.<\/p>\n (s. 10 Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra \u00f6zerk yap\u0131lar, cumhuriyetler \u015feklinde yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131lar. Kas\u0131m 1991’de \u00c7e\u00e7enistan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti. Ancak, bu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmeyen Rusya \u00c7e\u00e7enistan’\u0131 i\u015fgal etti.)<\/p>\n Peki burada bir soru geliyor akla, T\u00fcrkiye\u00a0Do\u011fu\u2019da K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal mi etti ? \u2018\u2019Etti\u2018\u2019 diyorsan\u0131z\u00a0c\u00fcmlenizi do\u011fru kabul ediyorum.<\/p>\n (s. 16\u00a0 \u00c7ERKESLER HANG\u0130 IRKTANDIR? <\/em> Irk teriminin\u00a0 anlam ve kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015fta\u00a0 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6nce beyaz \u0131rk deniliyor; sonra Slav \u0131rk\u0131, T\u00fcrk soylular ve\u00a0 \u0130ndogermen \u0131rk\u0131.<\/p>\n E\u011fer deri renklerine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yorsa (beyaz, sar\u0131 ve siyah)\u00a0 Ruslarda dahil olmak \u00fczere yukar\u0131da yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131n hepsi beyaz yani Caucasian \u0131rk\u0131ndand\u0131r. Bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi \u00f6rtbas etmek kompleksi ile birden bire di\u011fer bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma kategorisine ge\u00e7ilerek Ruslar\u0131 Slav \u0131rk\u0131na dahil ediliyorlar.\u00a0\u00a0 Rus\u00a0antipatisi burada da sezinleniyor.\u00a0Slavlar\u00a0da beyaz \u0131rka dahiller, isteseniz de istemeseniz de.<\/p>\n G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, t\u0131pk\u0131 Kafkasya ve \u00c7erkes tan\u0131mlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi hayallerimize g\u00f6re bir tan\u0131m yap\u0131yoruz, kald\u0131 ki; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\u00a0 \u00e7ok ilkel bir anlay\u0131\u015f olarak her\u00a0 yerde lanetlenirken, Avrupa fonunun bu t\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri nas\u0131l finanse etti\u011fini anlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorum.<\/p>\n (s. 26- 27 Kafkas dolmenleri)<\/p>\n Y\u0131sp w\u0131ne denilen bu mezarlar denizden 500 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda ve Kuzeybat\u0131 Kafkasya ve \u0130spanya’da\u00a0 rastlanmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Kabardey\u2019den, Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019a kadar rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0ben bilmiyorum. Yan\u0131l\u0131yorsam l\u00fctfen d\u00fczeltiniz.<\/p>\n Prof Marr, Rus mu yoksa G\u00fcrc\u00fc m\u00fcyd\u00fc?<\/p>\n (s.37\u00a0 \u00a0IX.-XII. yy.da \u015fimdiki Osetlerin atalar\u0131 olan Alanlar, Kuzey Kafkasya’da egemen oldular. Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler bu nedenle Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131n Orta\u00e7a\u011f ba\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne “Alan K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc” derler.) diyen baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler kimdir?\u00a0L\u00fctfen\u00a0kaynak\u00e7a verin!<\/p>\n \u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Sovyet arkeologlar\u0131ndan\u00a0A. Leskov\u00a0\u00a0Maykop K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong> demektedir. (Dass man diese Kultur, die von der Halbinsel Taman bis Dagestan verbreitet war, als Maikop-Kultur bezeichnete. Sie spielte eine hervorragende Rolle in der weiteren Entwicklung der Zivilisation im gesamten s\u00fcdlichen Gebiet des europ\u00e4ischen Teils der Sowjetunion.) Taman yar\u0131madas\u0131ndan Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019a kadar yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan\u00a0 bu medeniyet Maykop<\/u> K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr Avrupa yakas\u0131ndaki G\u00fcney Rusya’n\u0131n medeniyetin geli\u015fmesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Leskov, A. Grabsch\u00e4tze der Adyghen, M\u00fcnchen 1990, s. 11). Markowin, W.I \/\u00a0 Muntaschajew\u00a0 R.M.\u2019de Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019da Sanat ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr (Kunst und Kultur im Nordkaukasus- Berlin 1988)’de Maykop K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 vermektedirler.<\/p>\n M\u00fcnster \u00dcniversitesi Do\u011fu Avrupa Halklar\u0131 K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc profes\u00f6rlerinden say\u0131n Frank Kaempfer kendi kendine \u015fu soruyu soruyor: \u2018\u2019\u00c7erkesler\u00a0(Kafkasyal\u0131lar de\u011fil) neden 1600\u00a0ile 1800\u2019li y\u0131llarda Avrupa bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan\u00a0 silindiler?\u2019\u2019 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n sonucu,\u00a0 \u2018\u2019Cosmograf\u0131\u2019\u2019 (M\u00fcnster, Sebastian Cosmographie. Basel, 1550)\u00a0 adl\u0131 yap\u0131ta\u00a0 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu yap\u0131tta bask\u0131 hatas\u0131\u00a0yap\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00c7erkesler,\u00a0\u0130skit yap\u0131l\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan 200 y\u0131l kadar silinirler. Yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131n hepsi \u00c7erkeslerle ilgilidir ancak Alanlar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\u00a0gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u2018\u2019Zychi ve Circassianlar\u0131n Ya\u015famlar\u0131\u2019\u2019 adl\u0131 yap\u0131t, \u2018\u2019Scithlerin (\u0130skit) gelenekleri ve ya\u015famlar\u0131\u2019\u2019 olarak terc\u00fcme edilir. 1779’da Johann Georg Stritter yap\u0131lan hatay\u0131 bularak tekrar Zychleri\u00a0bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131na kazand\u0131r\u0131rken, ne garip ve (s. 37 \u015eamil ve G\u0131randuk Berzeg\u2019in resimleri. G\u00fczel de; acaba Adigelerin kahramanlar\u0131 yok muydu? Neden onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 ge\u00e7miyor? Tek Berzeg\u2019le mi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015flar\u0131?)<\/p>\n Tarih de bu kadar haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, kendi insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ayak alt\u0131na al\u0131nan\u00a0kahramanlar \u2018\u2019bizim \u00c7erkeslerde\u2019\u2019 olabilir.<\/p>\n (s. 38 \u0130mam Mansur) Adigelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu 1790\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda genelde \u00e7ok tanr\u0131l\u0131 ve H\u0131ristiyan dininden olunca, \u015eeyh Mansur\u2019u nas\u0131l \u015feyh kabul edip onun bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda topland\u0131lar ki?<\/p>\n Kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n 43. sayfas\u0131nda \u2019’Osmanl\u0131 devletinin b\u00f6ylesine ani ve kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7lere\u00a0 haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 bulunmamas\u0131\u00a0 nedeniyle (…)\u2018\u2019 deniyor ve her nedense su\u00e7 bast\u0131r\u0131rcas\u0131na Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 zem zem suyuyla y\u0131kamak i\u00e7in elden gelen kelime cambazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Derne\u011finizin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7erkes Kronolojisi’nin 5 Aral\u0131k 1858 Lapinski’nin Tuapse’den be\u015f askeriyle birlikte bir gemiyle ayr\u0131lmas\u0131. 7 Aral\u0131k’ta Trabzon, 21 Aral\u0131k’ta da \u0130stanbul’a\u00a0var\u0131r. \u00c7erkesya’ya hareket\u00a0etmeden \u00f6nce bol kep\u00e7eden vaadlerde bulunan t\u00fcm T\u00fcrk\u00a0pa\u015falar\u0131 ve \u00c7erkes as\u0131ll\u0131 pa\u015falar kendisinden ka\u00e7arlar, saklan\u0131rlar. \u0130smail\u00a0 pa\u015fa da adam\u00a0\u00f6ld\u00fcrme\u00a0ve\u00a0doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131ktan K\u0131br\u0131s’a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilir. Oradan Yunanistan’a, daha sonra Fransa’ya ka\u00e7ar. Fransa’da\u00a0kendisini \u00c7erkeslerin temsilcisi olarak g\u00f6sterir. Lapinski, \u0130stanbul’a var\u0131nca g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u00a0duydu\u011fu haber ve bilgilere hayretler i\u00e7inde \u015fa\u015far\u00a0kal\u0131r.\u00a0Bab\u0131-Ali’de yap\u0131lan planlara g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131lar \u00c7erkesleri\u00a0anavatanlar\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirerek Rumeli’ye yerle\u015ftirmeyi\u00a0tasarlamaktad\u0131rlar. Bunun propagandas\u0131 ise a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetince\u00a0 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Lapinski bu planlar\u0131n ve politikan\u0131n \u00e7ok yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu\u00a0 h\u00fck\u00fcmete anlatmak ister. Ancak\u00a0kimseye\u00a0 dinletemez. Bu\u00a0 planlara g\u00f6re; Osmanl\u0131lar, Balkan\u00a0halklar\u0131na\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131 \u00c7erkesleri (ayn\u0131\u00a0ama\u00e7 ve planlarla Tatarlar\u0131 da getiriyorlard\u0131) bir set \u015feklinde yerle\u015ftirmeyi\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar, bu\u00a0 yolla Balkanlarda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7o\u011faltarak, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n ve ulusal ayaklanmalar\u0131n bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131narak,\u00a0kontrol\u00a0 alt\u0131na alabilecekler hayali\u00a0 i\u00e7indeydiler.<\/p>\n (S. 44 Bu sava\u015f (1877-78) sonucunda Abhazya\u2019y\u0131 toplu olarak 50.000 ki\u015fi\u00a0 terketmek zorunda kald\u0131. )<\/p>\n Sohum Kale’nin Osmanl\u0131 askerleri ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i Abhazlarca Kaz Maan \u00f6nceleri \u00c7ar’\u0131n emrindeydi. Abhazya Rusya’ya kat\u0131l\u0131nca krall\u0131k y\u00f6netimi de sona erer. Kaz Maan \u0130stanbul’a gelir. Sultan, Maan’\u0131 bir saraya yerle\u015ftirir. T\u00fcrklerin tavsiyesine uyarak Kanbolat ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. K\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 Abd\u00fclhamit ile evlendirir. Kendisine de\u00a0\u2018\u2019Pa\u015fal\u0131k\u2019\u2019 unvan\u0131 verilir. Daha sonra Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri sefaleti, ac\u0131y\u0131, yoklu\u011fu di\u011fer Abhazlara anlat\u0131rlar. Kaz Maan, elinde kalan Osmanl\u0131 askerleri\u00a0ile \u0130ngur b\u00f6lgesine y\u00fcr\u00fcr. Orada Rus ordular\u0131na yenilir. Kaz Maan \u0130stanbul’a d\u00f6n\u00fcnce u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kesilece\u011fi vehmine kap\u0131l\u0131r. Korkar, haince bir plan haz\u0131rlar. Geri \u00e7ekilirken b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00f6yleri yakt\u0131r\u0131r. Halk\u0131 da \u00f6n\u00fcne katarak zorla gemilere bindirir. Binmek istemeyenler al\u00e7ak\u00e7a \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu vah\u015fetten kurtulan Abhazlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, kellesini kurtarabilmek i\u00e7in kendi anavatan\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131p y\u0131kar ve Abhaz halk\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irir, Abhazya bo\u015fal\u0131r, Abhaz halk\u0131 ise yoklu\u011fa itilir.<\/p>\n Abhazya’da o s\u0131rada 78 bin Abhaz ya\u015farken Kaz Maan’\u0131n vah\u015fetinden sonra anavatan Apsm’da 46 bin Abhaz kal\u0131r.\u2019\u2019 (Bkz. \u00c7erkes Kronolijisi 158\/59 ve Eva Bolgar S\u0131ttengesch\u0131chte der V\u00f6lker. Russland\u00a0 Stuttgart, Hamburg, M\u00fcnchen, sayfa 18\/19 )<\/p>\n Bu tarihi ger\u00e7ekleri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmek ne anlama geliyor acaba?<\/p>\n Musa\u00a0Kunduh\u00a0hakk\u0131nda\u00a0as\u0131l ad\u0131 No\u0131ssumbaum olan Esad bey bak\u0131n neler yaz\u0131yor?<\/p>\n \u2019\u2019Be\u015f Kafkasyal\u0131\u00a0soylu Ruslar\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019dan kovmak i\u00e7in anla\u015f\u0131rlar. Bu soylular: Asetin Mussa Kunduch, Tabasaran Mussa Uzmi, \u0130ngu\u015f Zur, \u00c7e\u00e7en Saadula Osman ve Kabardey Ataschuk. Kaberdey soylusu Ataschuk\u00a0 bu gizli organizasyonu Ruslara ihbar eder. \u00c7ar\u2019da, isyankarlar\u0131 ve halklar\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesi i\u00e7in emir verir.\u00a0Kunduch ve Osman\u00a0halklar\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmaya karar verirler. \u00c7ar\u2019a, \u2019\u2019bizleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmene gerek yok. Biz dinsizlerin vatan\u0131n\u0131 kendi iste\u011fimizle terk etmeye haz\u0131r\u0131z. \u0130stanbul\u2019daki ulu sultan bize kar\u015f\u0131 l\u00fctufkar davranacakt\u0131r<\/strong>\u2019\u2019 derler. \u00c7ar\u2019\u0131n izniyle Mussa Kunduch \u00f6nderli\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 ba\u015flar. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 karadan baz\u0131lar\u0131 gemilerle Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na\u00a0 giderler. Geldikleri yerlerde hi\u00e7te iyi \u015feylerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmazlar. Vaad edilen cenneti bulamazlar. Sultan\u2019\u0131n kendilerine verdi\u011fi yerler da\u011f insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na uygun de\u011fildir. \u00dcstelik ya\u011fmac\u0131l\u0131k ve soygunculuk da yasakt\u0131r. Pek \u00e7o\u011fu da a\u00e7 kalm\u0131\u015f ve tekrardan anavatanlar\u0131na d\u00f6nebilme hayallerini g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da hastal\u0131klardan hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 yitirirken geri kalanlarda yerli halkla kar\u0131\u015farak asimile olmaya ba\u015flar. \u0130\u00e7lerinden pek az\u0131 kendini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek Osmanl\u0131 toplumuna uyum sa\u011flayabilmi\u015ftir. Sultanlar\u0131n koruyucu birlikleri \u00c7erkeslerden olu\u015furken, devlete de en sad\u0131k pa\u015falar da yine onlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan yeti\u015fmi\u015ftir. Mussa Kunduch da uyumu sa\u011flayan ve y\u00fcksek mevkilere gelenlerden birisidir. Anavatanlar\u0131n\u0131 sevin\u00e7le \u00fc\u00e7 salvo at\u0131\u015f\u0131yla terk etmi\u015flerdi. G\u00f6\u00e7men getirdi\u011fi halk ise a\u00e7l\u0131ktan yok olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, yine de onu kutsalla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Aradan uzun y\u0131llar ge\u00e7ti. Rusya\u2019da Kafkas ar\u015fivleri a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde o zaman\u00a0oynanan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 oyunun ger\u00e7ek y\u00f6n\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\u00a0G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn ileri gelen \u00f6nderleri en ba\u015fta General Kunduch olmak \u00fczere, Rusya h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00e7ok iyi maa\u015fl\u0131 casuslar\u0131yd\u0131. Her g\u00f6\u00e7e \u00f6zendirerek g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ki\u015fi ve aile ba\u015f\u0131na\u00a0 \u00e7ok\u00e7a g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f Ruble alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u00c7ok detayl\u0131 yaz\u0131\u015fmalardan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimize g\u00f6re her ki\u015fi i\u00e7in uzun uzun pazarl\u0131klar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve Ruslar\u0131n sevin\u00e7leri ise s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bo\u015falan yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131na Kazaklar yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Musa Kunduch halk\u0131na ve vatan\u0131na ihanet eden ve g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiren hain bir\u00a0\u00f6nderdir. Buna ra\u011fmen ne ilgin\u00e7 ki, kendisi T\u00fcrkiye’deki Kafkasyal\u0131lar aras\u0131nda\u00a0say\u0131l\u0131p sevilmektedir. \u00c7ar’\u0131n emriyle bir \u00e7ok halklar\u0131n yok olmas\u0131 ve \u00f6nderli\u011fini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kavimler g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcyle\u00a0halk\u0131na ihanet eden General Musa Kunduch ve di\u011fer \u00f6nderler ve rolleri Kafkas tarihinin t\u00fcyler \u00fcrpertici bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. (Essad Bey (Noissumbaum\/Nusenbaum) Kafkasya’n\u0131n On \u0130ki Gizi. (Sayfa 264-65)<\/p>\n 47.nci sayfada kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011fa al\u0131nan \u00fcnl\u00fc! \u00c7erkeslerin nas\u0131l ve hangi \u00f6zelliklere g\u00f6re se\u00e7ildiklerini bilmiyorum ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00c7erkes k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015famas\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran emektar iki de\u011ferli b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn neden yaz\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorum: Vasfi G\u00fcsar ve \u0130zzet Aydemir. Ankara\u00a0 ve \u0130stanbul derneklerinin kurucular olan, y\u0131llarca her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eme\u011fini \u00c7erkesler i\u00e7in harcayan bu iki ki\u015fiyi yazmamak \u00e7ok ama \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc do\u011frusu. Ayr\u0131ca Ankara dernek binas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda etken rol oynayan Dr. Med. Zekiye Kazuk ile TC Meclis Senato Genel Sekreteri say\u0131n Hayri Bozkurt\u00a0 neden yaz\u0131lmad\u0131lar acaba?<\/p>\n s. 51’de,\u00a0”\u00c7erkesler Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n Balkan eyaletlerine yo\u011fun olarak 1853-1866 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan, S\u0131rbistan, Arnavutluk ve Romanya topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirildiler. \u00c7o\u011fu do\u011frudan Kafkasya’dan, baz\u0131lar\u0131 da Anadolu’nun Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndan gemilerle ta\u015f\u0131narak K\u00f6stence, Varna ve Burgaz limanlar\u0131nda karaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131lar. Demiryoluyla ve Tuna nehrinden su yoluyla Serna Voda’ya, oradan Lom’a ve Ni\u015f’e g\u00f6nderildiler. Daha sonra da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak \u00fczere kafileler halinde Bulgar-S\u0131rp s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 boyunca Sofya, Nikopol, Rus\u00e7uk, Dobruca ve Kosova’ya getirildiler. Di\u011fer da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezleri Vidin, Sil\u0131str\u00e7 ve Svi\u015ftcv’du” deniyor.<\/p>\n Demiryolu 1866’da Bulgaristan ve Romanya’da, Kosovo Selanik aras\u0131 ise A\u011fustos 1873’de ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Olmayan demiryoluyla nas\u0131l g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler ki?<\/p>\n Sonu\u00e7ta ilk defa \u00c7erkesleri\u00a0 tan\u0131tmak amac\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha \u00f6zveri ile haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekirdi. Bu bro\u015f\u00fcrle federasyonun g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi az \u00e7ok bilimle u\u011frasan insanlar aras\u0131nda zedelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Dr. YEDİC Batıray Özbek Türkiye’de Kaf-Der organizasyonunun yayınladığı “Biz Çerkesler” adlı broşürü ele alıp okuyunca Avrupa fonundan faydalanılarak yayınlanan yapıtın, çok amatörce hazırlandığını göreceğiz. Herhangi bir bilim adamı broşürü ele alınca bilgi hatalarının yanı sıra yapıta ciddiyet ve güvenirlik kazandıran eksikliklerin olduğunu görecektir. Bir esere (broşür de olsa) güvenirlik kazandıran şey, bilimsel belge ve kanıtlardır. 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\na)<\/strong> Tarafl\u0131 olmas\u0131
\nb) <\/strong>Etnozentrik anlat\u0131m tarz\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
\n<\/em> \u2022 Beyaz Kafkas Irk\u0131ndan olanlar:
\n\u2022 Adige Boylar\u0131, Abhaz(Abaza)!ar, Wub\u0131hlar
\n\u2022 \u00c7e\u00e7en-\u0130ngu\u015flar
\n\u2022 Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131lar (Lezgi, Avar, Lak, Tabasaran, Agul vb.)
\n\u2022 T\u00fcrk soylular: Kara\u00e7ay-Balkar, Nogay, Kumuk, Karapapak, Azeriler
\n\u2022 \u0130ndo-germen \u0131rk\u0131ndan olanlar Osetler (Digor, \u0130ron), Tat, Tali\u015f, Fars,\u00a0\u00a0 Ermeniler
\n\u2022 Slav \u0131rk\u0131ndan olanlar: Ruslar, Don Kazaklar\u0131, Ukraynal\u0131lar)\u2019<\/p>\n
\nac\u0131 ki, 2005\u2019de Zychlerin torunlar\u0131 onlar\u0131 tekrar tarih sayfas\u0131ndan silmeye kalk\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. (Bk. Elbruz\u00a0sitesinde\u00a0 yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0\u2018\u2019\u00c7eviri Sanat\u0131\u2019\u2019 adl\u0131 makale Bat\u0131ray \u00d6zbek)<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>
\nMansur\u2019un \u00c7e\u00e7en\u00a0 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar yazmaktad\u0131rlar. \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131na ilk kez organizeli kuvvetlerle kar\u015f\u0131 koyan \u0130mam Mansur, as\u0131l ad\u0131\u00a0 Giovanni Battista\u00a0Boetti olan, \u0130slam dinine ge\u00e7en\u00a0Cenevizli bir papazd\u0131. Bkz: Joseph Brewda ve Linda de Hoyos\u00f6,\u00a0David Urquhart\u2019\u0131n Kutsal \u015eava\u015fc\u0131lar\u0131.
\nIn: Neue Solidaritaet 1999, sayfa\u00a0 <\/sup>1.<\/p>\n
\n129. sayfas\u0131n\u0131 l\u00fctfen okuyun . Theophil Lapinski 500 subay ve erle 1856\u2019da \u00c7erkesya\u2019ya gider.<\/p>\n
\nyak\u0131lmas\u0131. <\/strong>\u00a0(Kaz Maan’\u0131n Abhaz k\u00f6ylerini yakarak ve insanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrerek, silah zoru \u0130le T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlamas\u0131.)<\/p>\n
\nII. Abd\u00fclhamid’in iste\u011fi ile Abhazya’y\u0131\u00a0 fethetmek i\u00e7in, Sohum-Kale’yi\u00a0Abhaz g\u00f6\u00e7menlerinin de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ma yapar. Kaz Maan’a kendi akrabalar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka kimse yard\u0131mda bulunmaz.\u00a0Abhaz k\u00f6kenli askerlerin \u00e7o\u011fu Abhaz topraklar\u0131na ayak bas\u0131nca sevin\u00e7ten “anavatan\u0131m\u0131za d\u00f6nd\u00fck, cehennemden kurtulduk<\/strong>” diyerek topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6perler ve ordudan ka\u00e7arlar.<\/p>\n