{"id":9269,"date":"2019-03-12T19:02:45","date_gmt":"2019-03-12T19:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=9269"},"modified":"2019-03-12T19:02:45","modified_gmt":"2019-03-12T19:02:45","slug":"batida-alanlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/batida-alanlar\/","title":{"rendered":"BATI’DA ALANLAR"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

AlanOsesetiA.com<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

4.nc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flayan B\u00fcy\u00fck Kavimler G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda Alanlar Hun istilas\u0131na u\u011frayan ilk Avrupa halk\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Hunlarla giri\u015ftikleri sava\u015f Alanlar\u0131n yenilgisiyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 372 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bat\u0131ya Roma imparatorlu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na ilerlemekte olan Hunlara kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 9 A\u011fustos 378’de Edirne civarlar\u0131nda Roma ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 kazan\u0131lan zaferde Alan s\u00fcvarisi belirleyici bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yenilgiden sonra Roma bir daha kendini toparlayamayacakt\u0131r. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ise Alanlar Hun ittifak\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, 406 y\u0131l\u0131nda Germen boylar\u0131 olan Vandal ve Suevlerle birlikte Galya’y\u0131 istila etmi\u015flerdir. Burada Alanlar ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ba\u015flar\u0131nda Goar’\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bir grup Roma’n\u0131n hizmetine girmi\u015ftir. Zay\u0131flamakta olan \u0130mparatorluk, bu grup Alanlara \u0130mparatorluk \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 maa\u015f ve toprak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunmak \u00fczere federal bir stat\u00fc tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile ittifak yapan Alanlar, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika topraklar\u0131yla, \u0130talya’n\u0131n kuzeyine yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdir. Smbid, Eoxar, Beorgor, Sangiban Alanlar’\u0131n adlar\u0131 tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015f krallar\u0131d\u0131r. Sangiban’\u0131n krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Alanlar, 15 Haziran 451’de yap\u0131lan ve Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun Hun’lar\u0131 durdurmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131 son b\u00fcy\u00fck askeri zaferde -Campi Catalaunici (Katalaun Ovas\u0131) sava\u015f\u0131nda- b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcn kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda kral Respendial’in bulundu\u011fu di\u011fer kolu, Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcp, Vandallar ile ittifak yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 409 y\u0131l\u0131nda Franklar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Vandallar ile Alanlar Galya’dan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130spanya topraklar\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f ve \u0130berik Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ellerine ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerdir. Alanlar\u0131n Lusitanya ve Kartagena, Vandallar\u0131n ise Do\u011fu Galisya ve Betika \u00fczerindeki egemenliklerini yap\u0131lan bir anla\u015fma ile Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu da tan\u0131mak durumunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden Roma, Vandallar ve Alanlar ile ba\u015f edebilmek i\u00e7in bir m\u00fcttefik bulmu\u015ftur. 416 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130spanya’y\u0131, Roma’ya olan Germen kabilelerinden bir tanesi, Bat\u0131-Gothlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Alanlar ile Bat\u0131-Gothlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcren sava\u015flar olmu\u015f, sonunda krallar\u0131 Addak’\u0131n 418’de sava\u015fta \u00f6lmesiyle Alanlar egemenli\u011fi Vandal kral\u0131na devretmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Osetler <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Da\u011fl\u0131k y\u00f6relerde da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k guruplar halinde ya\u015fayan Osetler “Yurtta\u015f Topluluklar\u0131” \u015feklinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenerek, geleneksel sosyo-politik birliklerini yeni ko\u015fullar i\u00e7erisinde tekrarlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Oset yurtta\u015f topluluklar\u0131 eski Hint-\u0130rani toplumsal kurulu\u015funun biraz de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir \u015fekliydi. Bu topluluklar\u0131n \u00fcyeleri her biri topra\u011f\u0131n ayr\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131na sahip \u00fc\u00e7 klandan (boydan) olu\u015fuyordu. Toplulu\u011fun birli\u011finin ideolojik kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu \u00fc\u00e7 klan\u0131n (yani b\u00fct\u00fcn yurtta\u015flar\u0131n) asl\u0131n\u0131n ortak atadan geldi\u011fi yolundaki epik efsane sa\u011flamaktayd\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Hint-\u0130ranilere \u00f6zg\u00fc toplumsal ayr\u0131m\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6\u011feli \u015femas\u0131 canland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmaktayd\u0131. Yurtta\u015flar toplumunun m\u00fckemmel \u00f6rne\u011fi Ari \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015flevli\u011finin gelenek ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 XIX.yy.’\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar koruyabilen Alagir Toplumu olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Alagir Toplumunun topraklar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mdan kuruluydu ve Ku\u015fagonti, Tsarazonti ve Sidamontiler olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 klandan olu\u015fuyordu. Efsaneye g\u00f6re, daha sonralar\u0131 Osetya’n\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir taraf\u0131na yay\u0131lan Alagir toplumunun bu eski klanlar\u0131 Osetlerin atas\u0131 say\u0131lan Os-Bagatar’\u0131n neslinden gelmekte ve onun \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flunun (Ku\u015fagon, Tsarazon ve Sidamon) adlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 klan\u0131n i\u015flevsel evrensel uzla\u015fmas\u0131 dini Ku\u015fagontilere, sava\u015f\u0131 Tsarazontilere, \u00fcretimi ise Sidamontilere b\u0131rak\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Osetya’daki yurtta\u015f topluluklar\u0131 i\u015fgal ettikleri topraklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6stermekteydiler. Efsanevi atalar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131 da farkl\u0131yd\u0131. (\u00f6rne\u011fin Kurtat Toplumu’nda Kurta ile \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu, Dargavs’ta Kambi ile \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu vs.). Fakat b\u00fct\u00fcn topluluklar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imleri ayn\u0131yd\u0131. Toplulu\u011fun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temelini toprak olu\u015fturuyordu. B\u00fct\u00fcn yurtta\u015f toplulu\u011fu \u00fcyeleri bu topraklar\u0131n ortak sahibi say\u0131lmakla birlikte, fiilen toprak sahipli\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7 klandan birine mensup ayr\u0131 bir k\u00f6y (kom\u015fular toplulu\u011fu) ya da bu k\u00f6yde oturan s\u00fclaleler (Mugkaglar) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmekteydi. Her hane sahibinin tam haklara bir yurtta\u015f s\u0131fat\u0131yla belirli bir arazi par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerine hakk\u0131 bulunmaktayd\u0131. toprak haklar\u0131 ile sosyal ve politik ba\u011flar\u0131n kopar\u0131lmaz birli\u011fi s\u0131radan bir yurtta\u015f\u0131n \u00fcye oldu\u011fu de\u011fi\u015fik ortakl\u0131klar hiyerar\u015fisi i\u00e7inde sa\u011flan\u0131yordu. Bu hiyerar\u015fi: aile-s\u00fclale (Mugkag)-k\u00f6y-klan -yurtta\u015f toplulu\u011fu dizisi olarak geli\u015fmekteydi. Yurtta\u015flara ‘wazdan’ denilmekteydi. Bu kelime g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Oset\u00e7e’sinde ‘soylu,asil’ anlam\u0131na gelmekteyse de, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki kullan\u0131m\u0131 itibariyle bu terim, sadece ortak ilk atan\u0131n neslinden olman\u0131n verdi\u011fi soylulu\u011fu anlatmaktayd\u0131. Osetya’n\u0131n baz\u0131 yerlerinde bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemlere kadar bir t\u00fcr hitap bi\u00e7imi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. babadan o\u011fula intikal eden ‘wazdan’l\u0131k unvan\u0131na (ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle yurtta\u015fl\u0131\u011fa) sahip olabilmek i\u00e7in ortak ilk atan\u0131n neslinden gelmek, belirli bir (mevrus) arazi par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n sahibi olmak ve toplulu\u011fun di\u011fer \u00fcyeleriyle e\u015fit olmak gerekliydi. <\/span><\/p>\n

Yurtta\u015f toplulu\u011funun politik kurulu\u015funun temeli ‘nixas’: denilen ve \u00e7ok kademeli bir yap\u0131ya sahip halk meclisiydi. En \u00fcst kademedeki ‘nixas’: yerel \u00f6zy\u00f6netimin temsili \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin b\u00f6lgesel sistemini olu\u015fturan mahalle, s\u00fclale, k\u00f6y ve klan ‘nixas’lar\u0131na dayanmaktayd\u0131. Yerel ‘nixas’lar\u0131n daha \u00fcst kademedeki halk meclislerine delegeler g\u00f6ndermeleri yoluyla, y\u00fcksek ‘nixas’ta a\u00e7\u0131k demokratik se\u00e7imlerle belirlenmi\u015f, sorumlu halk temsilcileri toplan\u0131rlard\u0131. Yurtta\u015f toplulu\u011funun halk meclisinin yasall\u0131\u011f\u0131, her \u00fc\u00e7 klan\u0131n yetkili delege gruplar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131r bulunup bulunmamalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 ilke g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc milis kuvvetlerinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve ara bulucu mahkemelerin \u00fcyelerinin se\u00e7imi s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6zetilmekteydi. Yurtta\u015f toplulu\u011funun ekonomik esas\u0131n\u0131 kom\u015fu topluluklar\u0131 (k\u00f6yler) halinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f e\u015fit hakl\u0131 yurtta\u015flar\u0131n (‘wazdan’lar\u0131n) k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7iftlikleri olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Baz\u0131 monolokal\/tek birimli yurtta\u015f topluluklar\u0131 zamanla b\u00fcy\u00fck ticari-ekonomik merkezlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek ‘on kent’ niteli\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Fiyagdon k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Tsimiti Koyu, Iraf k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Donifars, Gizeldon k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Dargavs vb). <\/span><\/p>\n

Geleneksel toplumsal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imlerinin bu \u00e7ok eski \u015fekillerini, de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullara uyarlayan Oset Yurtta\u015f Topluluklar\u0131, sahip olduklar\u0131 manevi de\u011ferleri g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirip, geleneksel k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zellikleri korumay\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecek bir toplumsal alan yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zlerini korumak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirdikleri bu sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel muhafazakarl\u0131kla etnik birliklerinin temellerini koruyabilmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda Oset dilinde ve folklor\u00fcnde (s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat\u0131nda) en kadim Hint-\u0130rani (ve daha geni\u015f olarak Hint-Avrupa) atalar\u0131n\u0131n zihniyet yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 saklayabilmi\u015flerdir. Bunun tipik \u00f6rne\u011fi XIX.yy’\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ve XX.yy’\u0131n birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda yaz\u0131ya \u00e7evrilen yukar\u0131da deyindi\u011fimiz Nart Efsaneleri’ndeki \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015flevli ideolojidir. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AlanOsesetiA.com 4.ncü yüzyılda başlayan Büyük Kavimler Göçü sırasında Alanlar Hun istilasına uğrayan ilk Avrupa halkı olmuşlardır. Hunlarla giriştikleri savaş Alanların yenilgisiyle sonuçlanmıştır. 372 yılında Alanların bir kısmı batıya Roma imparatorluğunun sınırlarına ilerlemekte olan Hunlara katılmıştır. 9 Ağustos 378’de Edirne civarlarında Roma ordusuna karşı kazanılan zaferde Alan süvarisi belirleyici bir rol oynamıştır. Bu yenilgiden sonra Roma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9269"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9269\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9271,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9269\/revisions\/9271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9269"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}