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<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
M<\/span>E\u015eFE\u015e\u015e\u00dc Necdet Hatam \u00c7erkes\u00e7enin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz dilbilgisinde yeterince a\u00e7\u0131klanmam\u0131\u015f pek \u00fczerinde durulmam\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 konusu \u00e7ok ama \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 konu kavranmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece Kiril alfabemizin neden bu kadar g\u00fc\u00e7 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lamayacak, kimi kurallar\u0131n\u0131n genel dilbilimi ile neden bu kadar \u00e7eli\u015fir oldu\u011funu i\u00e7selle\u015ftirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 konunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ise Kiril alfabesi ile dilimizi \u00f6\u011frenmenin ne kadar kolay oldu\u011funu, Kiril alfabesinden korkman\u0131n da ne denli bo\u015f bir korku oldu\u011funu ortaya koyacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Dilcilerimizin \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ku\u0131maxhue Mux\u0304din tasla\u011f\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uyumlu alfabe tasla\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve genel dilbilim kurallar\u0131na uyumlu yakla\u015f\u0131m dili bilenleri \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede okur yazar yapacak bilmeyenlerin de daha kolay \u00f6\u011frenmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bundan sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde sorunlar ve pe\u015fis\u0131ra \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri irdelenecektir.<\/p>\n Ger\u00e7ekte temel sorun dilimizdeki ses say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok yararlanmak durumunda oldu\u011fumuz yayg\u0131n alfabelerin bu arada Kiril alfabesinin karakter say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n az olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile hangi alfabeyi se\u00e7ersek se\u00e7elim kimi karakterlere birden fazla g\u00f6rev y\u00fcklemek ya da kimi sesleri birden \u00e7ok karakterle g\u00f6stermek, kimileyin de ek imler kullanmak zorunlu olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Sorunlu\u00a0 konular\u0131n ilki \u00e7ubuk\u00e7uk (I) iminin dilimiz yaz\u0131m\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revleridir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede t\u00fcm g\u00f6revlerini i\u00e7ermese de \u201ckesme i\u015fareti\u201d denen (I) imi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz alfabesinde \u00fcns\u00fcz bir harf olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ancak bize g\u00f6re bu sesi olmayan daha \u00f6nce de belirtti\u011fimiz gibi Arap\u00e7an\u0131n \u201chemze elif\u201d (\u0621)\u2019i \u00f6rneksenerek yaz\u0131n\u0131m\u0131za eklenmi\u015f bir imdir. Konuya ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerim ilk kez, Ad\u0131\u011fe Yazarlar Birli\u011fi\u2019nce \u00fc\u00e7 ayda bir \u00e7\u0131kan \u201c\u0437\u044d\u043a\u044a\u043e\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0433\u044a\u201d adl\u0131 derginin 2005-3 say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve bu g\u00fcne kadar da kar\u015f\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f belirtilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Evet bize g\u00f6re \u00e7ubuk\u00e7uk (I) imine dilimiz yaz\u0131m\u0131nda(imlas\u0131nda) 4 g\u00f6rev y\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 1-) Ayn\u0131 karakterin (harfin) birden \u00e7ok ve farkl\u0131 seslerini birbirinden ay\u0131r\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011finden bir \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131da s\u00f6z edilmi\u015f olmakla birlikte \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerisi ile birlikte yeniden \u00fczerinde durmakta yarar g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz:<\/p>\n (A)harfi s\u00f6zc\u00fck ba\u015f\u0131nda ve \u00fcnl\u00fcden sonra iki farkl\u0131 ses verebilmektedir:<\/p>\n a-) \u201cAnkara\u201d<\/strong> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ilk (A)<\/strong> harfinin ve saat s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki ikinci (a)<\/strong> harfinin sesleri olan (A)<\/strong> \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kendi sesi. Rus\u00e7adaki (a)<\/strong> \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e (a) <\/strong> \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri ile ayn\u0131d\u0131r. (<\/strong>\u0430<\/strong>\u044d\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442, \u0430<\/strong>\u0431\u0437\u0430\u0446, \u0430<\/strong>\u044d\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d)<\/strong>\u00a0 Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile\u00a0 Rus\u00e7a alfabenin temel al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7erke\u00e7ede bu sesin \u00e7ubuk\u00e7uk (I)<\/strong> imi yard\u0131m\u0131 ile verilmesi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmay\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirmektedir.<\/p>\n \u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n \u0406\u0430<\/strong>\u0435(\u00e7irkin), \u0406\u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u044d(sofra), \u0406\u0430<\/strong>\u0437\u044d(usta), \u0406\u0430<\/strong>\u0445\u044a\u043e(\u00e7oban), \u0406\u0430<\/strong>\u0448I\u0443(tatl\u0131)<\/p>\n \u00d6nerimiz (a)<\/strong> karakterinin Rus\u00e7adaki [a]<\/strong>sesinin \u00c7erkes\u00e7ede de korunmas\u0131 ve yukar\u0131daki s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n Dikkat: (a)<\/strong> harfi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131m farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha sonra a\u00e7\u0131klanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0430<\/strong>\u0439\u044d(\u00e7irkin), \u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u044d(sofra), \u0430<\/strong>\u0437\u044d(usta), \u0430<\/strong>\u0445\u044a\u0443\u044d(\u00e7oban), \u0430<\/strong>\u0448\u0301\u0443\u044b(tatl\u0131)<\/p>\n b-) (a)<\/strong> harfi daha \u00f6nce a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00fcns\u00fczlerden sonra gelip hece olu\u015fturdu\u011funda \u201c\u0421\u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u044d(\u00fcz\u00fcm)\u201d \u201c\u043f\u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u044d(diken)\u201d\u00a0 \u201c\u045e\u0430<\/strong>\u0442\u044d(\u00e7eki\u00e7)\u201d \u201c\u045e\u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u044d(e\u011fer)\u201d \u201c\u0445\u0430<\/strong>\u0442\u044d(bah\u00e7e-tarla)\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerindeki yumu\u015fak ve uzunca, genizden gelen [a]<\/strong> sesini verir.<\/p>\n c-) Ancak \u00c7erkes\u00e7ede (a) <\/strong>harfi Rus\u00e7a ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden farkl\u0131 olarak kimileyin s\u00f6zc\u00fck ba\u015f\u0131nda ya da \u00fcnl\u00fcden sonra da; \u00fcns\u00fczden sonra geldi\u011finde verdi\u011fi yumu\u015fak, uzunca, genizden gelen [a]<\/strong> sesini verebilmektedir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz alfabesinde bu ses, Rus\u00e7ada s\u00f6zc\u00fck ba\u015f\u0131nda ve \u00fcnl\u00fcden sonra kendi keskin [a]<\/strong> sesini veren (a)<\/strong> harfine y\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir. Bu durum alfabeyi sadece Rus\u00e7a bilenler i\u00e7in de\u011fil T\u00fcrk harflerini tan\u0131yanlar i\u00e7in de g\u00fc\u00e7 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r k\u0131l\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc\u00a0 bu dilleri bilenlerin e\u011filimi \u201ca<\/strong>\u043f\u0447\u201d, \u201c\u0430<\/strong>\u0440\u201d, \u201c\u0430<\/strong>\u043f\u044d\u0440\u044d\u201d, \u201c\u0430<\/strong>\u043d\u044d\u0448\u201d, \u201c\u0430<\/strong>\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0306\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d\u201d\u00a0 s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerindeki (a) <\/strong>hafini keskin [a]<\/strong> gibi okumakt\u0131r. Oysa bu s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdeki (a)<\/strong> harfinin sesi \u00fcns\u00fczlerden sonra gelen (a)<\/strong> harfinin verdi\u011fi yumu\u015fak, uzunca genizden gelen bir sestir ve tasla\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bunu \u015fapkal\u0131 (\u00e2)<\/strong> ile g\u00f6stermek uygun bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u00d6yle umuyoruz ki yukar\u0131daki s\u00f6zc\u00fckler \u015fu \u015fekilde\u00a0 \u201c\u00e2<\/strong>\u043f\u0447(cam)\u201d, \u201c\u00e2<\/strong>\u0440(o)\u201d, \u201c\u00e2<\/strong>\u043f\u044d\u0440\u044d(ilk)\u201d, \u201c\u00e2<\/strong>\u043d\u044d\u0448(day\u0131)\u201d, \u201c\u00e2<\/strong>\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0306\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d(Ad\u0131\u011fe dili-\u00c7erkes\u00e7e\u201d yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilenler bu [\u00e2]<\/strong> sesinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u201c\u00e2dil\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki gibi biraz uzunca okunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya gerek kalmadan anlayacak, Rus\u00e7a bilenler de bu harfin \u00c7erkes\u00e7ede olup Rus\u00e7adaki olmayan bir [a]<\/strong> sesi oldu\u011funu kavramakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekmeyeceklerdir.<\/p>\n \u0130leride yine \u00e7ubuk\u00e7uk (I)<\/strong> iminin g\u00f6revleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde a\u00e7\u0131klanaca\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok \u00f6zel durumlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcns\u00fczlerden sonra gelen (\u00e2)<\/strong> sesi hep yumu\u015fak uzun ve genizden gelen [\u00e2] sesi olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n tasla\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bu sesi, \u015fapkal\u0131 (\u00e2)<\/strong> karakteri ile de\u011fil ile de\u011fil (a)<\/strong> ile g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Bu sorunun, \u201c\u00c7erkes\u00e7ede \u00fcns\u00fczlerden sonra gelen (a)<\/strong> harfi yumu\u015fak uzunca ve genizden gelen bir [\u00e2]<\/strong> sesi verir\u201d kural\u0131 ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebilece\u011fi ve metinlerin \u015fapkal\u0131 (\u00e2)<\/strong> istilas\u0131na engel olunaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" MEŞFEŞŞÜ Necdet Hatam Maykop, Ekim 2012 Çerkesçenin günümüz dilbilgisinde yeterince açıklanmamış pek üzerinde durulmamış üç konusu çok ama çok önemli. Bu üç konu kavranmadığı sürece Kiril alfabemizin neden bu kadar güç anlaşılır, karışık olduğu anlaşılamayacak, kimi kurallarının genel dilbilimi ile neden bu kadar çelişir olduğunu içselleştirmek mümkün olmayacaktır. Bu üç konunun çözüme kavuşturulması ise Kiril 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\n<\/span> <\/b> Maykop, Ekim 2012<\/span><\/p>\n